Improvement in the manufacture of oxidized oil



2 Sheets--Snee 1. F. WALT() N.

Manufacture of Oxydized Dil. 910.153,867. PatentedAug.4,l874.

THE GRPHIC CD PHG UNITED STATES PATENTOFEICE.

FREDERICK wALToN, CE sTAINEs, GREAT BRITAIN, AssIeNoR To AMERI- CAN LINCLEUM MANUFACTURING COMPANY, CE NEw YORK CITY.

lNlPR-OVE-ME'NT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OXIDIZED OIL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent'No'. `l 532,87QdatedAugu'st4, 1874 ;app1ication led July 8,1874.

and State of New York, have made an invention of new and useful Improvements in the Art of i Manufacturing Oxidized Oil and in the apparatus employed therein; and that-the following is a full, clear, and exact description andspecification of the same.

Previous to this invention oxidized oil has been manufactured inthe following manner: A number of' strong iron frames were provided, each having two series of horizontal bars separated by an open space. Alon g pieceof strong cloth was strained in a series of folds upon the bars of each of these frames. The frames with the cloths upon them were dipped in succession into a vat of oil, and then suspended in a drying-shed to permit the oil to oxidize. The dipping in the vat of oil was repeated at intervals until a thin layer of .oxidized oil was accumulated at each side of the cloth; then the clothwas removed from each frame, and was drawn between a pair of stripping-knives by the action of a pairof drawing-rollers, and the oxidized oil was thus stripped or pared from the cloth, which was used over again for the same purpose, while the stripped oxidized oil was ground in a mill. In this system of manufacture a very strong, firmly-woven cloth was required to withstand the severe strains incident to the drawing of the cloth between the stripping-knives. The presence of knots in the `yarn of the cloth obstructed the stripping and tended to produce tears, which rendered the cloth useless. The wear upon the cloth also was excessive, and the effect of the oxidizing process was to rot the ber; consel qnently the cloth had to be frequently renewed, and lasted usually for only two operations, so that the cost of the I cloth was a large item in the cost of' manufacture. Moreover, as `the v frames had to be brought to tlievat of oil,

dipped into it, and removed from it, this systeni of manufacture required the expenditure of a large amount of labor.

The present invention is based on the discovery that after the layer of oxidized oil has attained a slight thickness it will` support its own weight, so that for the purposes of oxidizing the oil` by exposure to air, cloth of' slight strength and coarse mesh, only strong` enough to sustain a thin coating of oil, is sufficient; and on the further discovery that the layer of oxidized oil whichY maybe accumulated upon such cloth is so great in bulk, compared with the small bulk of the cloth, that the latter may be broken up or ground with the former without practically aifecting its value for subsequent operations. The invention consists primarily of the manufacturel of oxidized oil by the following operations, viz., first, the accumulation of the oxidized oil upon a weak sleazy cloth by alternately flooding it with oil and exposing thewet surface to the air; and, secondly, the grinding of the entire mass of cloth and oxidized oil together, instead of separating the cloth from the oxidized oil and grinding the latter by itself. My invention further consists of' certain combinations ol' mechanical devices by which the first portion of the above-recited process is effected, and which are recited in detail at the close of this specication.

Inorder that the invention may be fully understood, I have represented in the accompanyin g drawings, and will proceed to describe, an improved apparatus which embodies my said combinations in the bestf'orm at present known Y to me; andI will also describe the modein which I manufacture oxidized oil by my process.

In said drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan of the said apparatus with the top of the drying-room removed. Fig. 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 represents a vertical transverse section of the same.

The said apparatus comprises a drying shed or room, A, in which the cloth is suspended, and also means for suspending and ilooding the cloth and for regulating the temperature. The shed which I have used with success is sixtyeight feet lon g, twenty-five feet wide, and thirty feet high up to the eaves for two tiers of sheets of cloth. The sheds may, however, be wide enough to contain a larger or smaller number of tiers, and may also have their other dimensions increased or diminished. Along the upper part of this room there are two pairs of' rails, B B BB, from which the cloths are su pended. .The distance between the rails of eachpair is a little greater than the breadth of the cloth to be used. The cloths are cut into sheets a little shorter `than the distance from the rails to the fioor, and are secured at their upper and lower ends to iron rods e s. The ends of the iron rods e at the upper, ends Y of the sheets project beyond the edges of the ofrails has suspended from it alarge number or tier of sheets of cloth, hanging vertically or thereabout. A flooding carriage, C, is fitted to run upon each pair of rails. This carriage has two pairs of flanged wheels, b, and two axles, d, and the axles are connected by a trough-body consisting, in this example, of two distributing-troughs, ff, and a supplytrough, g. The object of the distributingtrough j' is to distribute thev oil across the wholebreadth of each sheet of cloth, and for this purpose it extends transversely across the carriage and has a slit in the lower edge of one of its long sides, so as to deliver the oil in a sheet. The object of the supply-trough g is to supply the distributing-trough or troughs f f from a central delivery-pipe, whatever may be the position ofthe distributing-trough relative to that pipe, and for this purpose the supplytrough is arranged longitudinally of the carriage, with one of its ends over each distributing-trough, and it has a hole at each end of its bottom to permit the oil to flow into the distributing-trough beneath. The oxidized oil is supplied from a cistern, D, by means of a pump. The pump which I have found best suited to this purpose is a rotary-pump, because it has no valves and does not become clogged with the lumpy oil. The oil from the pump is delivered by the delivery pipe It to the trough-carriage, whence it flows down upon the cloth. The oil which drains from the cloths falls upon the bottom of the room, which is made to slope toward a sink cor.- necting with the oil-cistern D, so that any excess of oil passes back to the cistern to be redistributed to the cloths. Steam-pipes are arranged at the sides of the room, so that it may be heated when the temperature of the atmosphere is not as. highas is desirable. Ventilating-apertures also are made inthe top and bottom of the room, and shutters are provided for them so that the ventilation may be controlled. In order that the iioodin g carriage may be used to distribute the oil to all the sheets of a tier, a tug-rope, m, is secured to one end of it and is passed out through. a hole at one end of the room, so that it may be pulled or slacked. A second rope, n, is secured to the other end of the carriage, and is passed through a hole in the other end of the room and over a pulley, i. A weight, E,

v .sufficient to move the carriage, is hung to this second rope. The carriage is pulledalong the rails in one direction, by an operator, by means of thetug-rope m, and is pulled in the oposite direction by the weight n when the tug-rope m is slacked. ln oxidizing oil with the above apparatus, I Ihave used, with success, sheets of coarsej meshed sleazy muslin and boiled linseed-oil. The sheets of cloth are flooded once or twice a j day, according to the rapidity of oxidation, as determined by the feeling of the layer upon the sheets of cloth. During the flooding the i flooding-carriage is traversed along the rails, l, so that every sheet is flooded. The flooding generally occupies about fifteen minutes for each tier of cloths. There there is more than one tier of cloths in a room, the oil is supplied to the several tiers by means of a transverse delivery-trough L, having a hole in its bottom y over every carriage. If each tier is flooded separately, the holes in the trough for supplyj ing the carriages of the other tiers are tem- ,f porarily stopped with plugs. The heat of the atmosphere in the dryingroom is generally maintained at about 900 of Fahrenheit, and a slight ventilation is suth-1 cient to furnish the required supply of air for oxidation. About three months of daily `flooding are sufficient to accumulate a layer of oxidized oil of a quarter of an inch in thickness, like a layer of gum, upon the sheets of cloth. They are then taken down, the iron rods are broken out,` and the compound sheets.y of oxidized oil and cloth are ground to a coarse powder for subsequent use. Y -V 1;

The mill which I have used with success for grinding the compound sheets consists of two strong cast-iron rollers, one of which is caused to revolve more rapidly than the other, the adjacent surfaces being moved in the same direction, and such mill being the same in construction as that used for grinding indiarubber. Y

I claim as my invention- 1. The improvement in the art of making oxidized oil, substantially as before set forth, consisting of, iirst, the accumulation of the oil in a layer upon a sheet of cloth; and,

secondly, the grinding of the accumulateduoil and the cloth together.

2. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the drying-room, the rails, andthe flooding-carriage.

3. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the drying-room, the rails, the iiooding-carriage, the cistern, the pump, and the delivery-pipe thereof.

4. The iioodingcarriage, substantially as before set forth, having a trough body composed of- 'a supply-trough and a distributingtrough.

Witness my hand this 29th day of June, A.

D. 1874. FREDERICK WALTON.

Witnesses W. L. BENNEN, W. H. Isaacs. 

